Even in sublethal doses, Imidacloprid led to severe bioelement malnutrition in 69% of bioelements and to a stoichiometric mismatch in the others.

Most studies that have shown negative sublethal effects of the pesticide imidacloprid on honeybees concern behavioral effects; only a few concern physiological effects.

Imidacloprid is a chloronicotinyl insecticide which interacts with insect nicotinic acetylcholine receptors.

A field spray drift experiment using florpyrauxifen-benzyl to measure drift from commercial ground and aerial applications, evaluate soybean impacts

Here we examine the possible effects of honey bees on the foraging behaviour of wild bees on Cistus creticus flowers in Northern Greece.

Honey bees are globally regarded as important crop pollinators and are also valued for their honey production. They have been introduced on an almost worldwide scale.

The queen is the sole reproductive female in a healthy colony, and because long-term colony survival depends on her ability to produce a large number of offspring, queen health is essential for colony success.

Bees and other insects have survived and evolved complex immune system on this planet over a span of millions of years. It is not logical that they would suddenly die out now due to diseases and natural parasites. This suggests another factor has been introduced to their environment that disrupts their immune system. This man made factor is the mobile towers and mobile phones.

Survival rates were monitored among three honey bee subspecies under two ecological regions within Saudi Arabia

There is increasing recognition that pollination deficits are limiting crop yields world-wide. However, management strategies for optimal insect pollination are still unclear for most crops.