Understanding how colony-level social defenses influence pesticide fate and the circumstances under which they fail is therefore a crucial question in
pollinator biology.

Small hive beetles (SHBs) are generalists native to sub-Saharan Africa and reproduce in association with honeybees, bumblebees, stingless bees, fruits and meat. The SHB has recently become an invasive species, and introductions have been recorded from America, Australia, Europe and Asia since 1996.

Exposure of Western Honey Bees (apis mellifera) to radio-frequency (RF) electromagnetic fields was studied using a combination of in-situ exposure measurements near bee hives in Belgium and numerical simulations.

In this research, we ranked bee pollen according to its contribution to bee nutrition, taking into consideration the seasonal variation.

Here, we show that a cost-effective social immunity mechanism has evolved rapidly and independently in four naturally V. destructor-surviving A. mellifera populations.

Cuba has the world’s largest European mite-resistant population with 220,000 colonies that have been treatment-free for over two decades.