Apis mellifera, is the most important managed pollinator globally and has recently experienced unsustainably high colony losses. Synergistic interactions among stressors are believed to be primarily responsible.

Despite their profound impact on honeybees and wild bees (impairment of memory, impact on immune system), their presence in humans is far less reported, possibly due to the low to moderate toxicological effects that they elicit.

Neonicotinoid insecticides are successfully applied to control pests in a variety of agricultural crops

The beehive as a quantitative monitor of pesticide residues applied over a soybean crop was studied through a semi field experiment of controlled exposure of honey bees to pesticides in macro tunnels.

Bee Emergency Call: Hearing at European Court of Justice on Bayer/Syngenta vs. European Commission on the neonicotinoids ban. In the meantime, the ban is flouted as countries exploit legal loophole.

Participation as condition for receiving government support. Money actually received by beekeepers is too insignificant. Participation as condition for placing products on the market, does not work for the many hobby beekeepers. articipation may result in valuable expert assistance from government agencies.

A fresh, modern approach with enhanced traceability and more comprehensive tools for detecting  adulteration.

A computer program that tracks animal behavior, thereby revealing various features and mechanisms of social animals, is a powerful tool in ethological research.

Risk assessment is NOT risk management. Risk assessment is carried out before the authorisation of any pesticide, medicament or agent that could damage human or animal health or the environment. It is a phase in which a number of data is produced in order to know the pesticide: