Hedgerows in mid-February might have traditionally appeared white with snow; this year the white was the work of blackthorn blossoms – a harbinger of spring.

Melittopalynology is an applied branch of Palynology dealing with the study of pollen grains in honey samples and its application in Apiculture. Plant produces nectar and pollen both of which are avidly sought after by the bees to provide nutrition to the colony.

Background: An interest in substances of natural origin has been a subject that is increasing constantly-both those known for many years and recently discovered are of great interest to the researchers.

Pollen in human nutrition - The beneficial nutritional effects of pollen have been adequately discussed; little study has however been conducted for describing its characteristic features on the basis of a large range of tests.

The quality of diet influences colony health and strength, especially for colonies preparing for over- wintering or starting population build-up in early spring.

he “Farm to Fork” (F2F) and “Biodiversity” strategies are at the core of the “Green Deal”, the policy framework proposed by the President of the European Commission von der Leyen.

Pollination is the transfer of pollen between the male and female parts of flowers to enable fertilization and reproduction. The majority of cultivated and wild plants depend on animal vectors, known as pollinators, to transfer pollen.

There is an increasing need to improve how we monitor the impact and efficiency of environmental or landscape policies. For this reason, BeeLife proposes that a Pollinator Index should be introduced as an impact indicator for policies.

Coincident with recognition of the need for more nutritious diets is that of the need to reduce the toll of global food production.

Propolis does not reduce the lethal risk but seems overall to promote asymptomatic clinical forms or the absence of contamination with Covid-19 (p  0.05).