Sampling and genotyping of spermatheca’s content instead of individual offspring is timesaving for answers to patriline composition after mating.

So each sportsman can adapt himself to a hard training regime by using correct recovery means. Some important means of recovery of the human body and of improvement of the working capacity are: the pedagogical, the medical-biological and the psychological training.

The unfiltered honey contains tiny quantities of pollen. The often-present argument that the active substances exist in honey in much too small quantities to be capable of determining a physiological action
may easily be opposed by using the example of pollen.

The influence of temperature on cuticular color of honeybee (Apis mellifera L) queens. Temperatures were monitored around emergency queen cells in queenless honeybee hives to determine the effect of emperature on queen color.

Instrumental Insemination pf the queen bee has become an integrative part of beekeeping in the last few decades.

Molecular damage caused by oxidative stress may lead to organismal aging and result in acute mortality to organisms.

Honey bees are highly eusocial insects, such that they have a highly cooperative system of brood care, overlapping generations, and a strong reproductive division of labor (Wilson, 1971). The latter distinction is manifest in the extreme, where a single reproductive female – the queen – is the sole egg layer within a colony.

The impact that industrialised farming has on the environment and wildlife is generally accepted. Field observations and vast research on the subject indicate that modern agriculture has played a significant role...

In this work an attanpt has bean mada to obtain accurate information on tha rata of growth of worker, drone, and tjuean larvae of the honeybee, Apia aallifera Linn Aaide.

In the current study, we investigated if any variations exist in acceptance rate of grafted larvae and quality of queens reared in different queen cell cup sizes, between wet and dry grafting and between queen right and queen less conditions of A. m. jemenitica colonies.